Journal
SCIENCE
Volume 369, Issue 6506, Pages 956-+Publisher
AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1126/science.abc7520
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Funding
- NIH CHAVD award [UM1 AI144462]
- NIH [AI132317, AI073148, AI145762]
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center
- Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation [OPP 1170236, OPP 1183956, OPP1196345/INV-008813]
- John and Mary Tu Foundation
- Pendleton Trust
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Countermeasures to prevent and treat coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are a global health priority. We enrolled a cohort of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-recovered participants, developed neutralization assays to investigate antibody responses, adapted our high-throughput antibody generation pipeline to rapidly screen more than 1800 antibodies, and established an animal model to test protection. We isolated potent neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) to two epitopes on the receptor binding domain (RBD) and to distinct non-RBD epitopes on the spike (S) protein. As indicated by maintained weight and low lung viral titers in treated animals, the passive transfer of a nAb provides protection against disease in high-dose SARS-CoV-2 challenge in Syrian hamsters. The study suggests a role for nAbs in prophylaxis, and potentially therapy, of COVID-19. The nAbs also define protective epitopes to guide vaccine design.
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