A narrative review of online food delivery in Australia: challenges and opportunities for public health nutrition policy

Objective:Online food delivery (OFD) platforms offer consumers a convenient and fast delivery service of foods and drinks sourced from foodservice partners (e.g. restaurants, quick service restaurants). There is a need to assess the impact of this emergent segment of the foodservice sector on diet and diet-related health. The aim of this narrative review was to describe the OFD sector in Australia, its use and identify potential ways to include OFD platforms in existing public health nutrition policy. Design:A search was conducted in peer-reviewed and grey literature. Sources were analysed and synthesised to report the characteristics of OFD platforms, delivery process, users and potential drivers of usage. The aim and scope of public health nutrition policies were analysed to identify ways of including OFD platforms. Setting:Australia. Participants:General population. Results:There are three main operators with 9000-16 000 foodservice partners based predominantly in the main cities of Australia. OFD revenue has grown by 72 % in the last 5 years and is predicted to increase driven by usage by working adults with high disposable income who demand convenience. Current policies and initiatives aimed at manufacturers, retailers and foodservice outlets do not specifically regulate OFD platforms, although there is scope for these to be extended to such platforms. Conclusions:OFD platforms are disruptors of the foodservice sector. Innovative and consistent health policy options that target the unique challenges and opportunities posed by OFD platforms are required to limit the potentially negative impact of OFD platforms on diet and diet-related health.

Automated summary

This narrative review focuses on the emergent segment of the foodservice sector, online food delivery (OFD) platforms, in Australia. The study shows that there are three main operators with a large number of foodservice partners, and the revenue of OFD platforms has grown significantly in recent years. However, current public health nutrition policies do not specifically regulate OFD platforms. It is important to develop innovative and consistent health policy options to address the unique challenges and opportunities posed by OFD platforms in order to protect diet and diet-related health.