Journal
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
Volume 117, Issue 33, Pages 20274-20283Publisher
NATL ACAD SCIENCES
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1917197117
Keywords
time; entorhinal cortex; memory; Laplace transform
Categories
Funding
- NIH [2R01MH080007, R01MH093807]
- National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) [P51 OD010425]
- National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering Grant [R01EB022864]
- NIMH [R01MH112169]
- Office of Naval Research, Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative Grant [N00014-16-1-2832]
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Episodic memory is believed to be intimately related to our expe-rience of the passage of time. Indeed, neurons in the hippocampus and other brain regions critical to episodic memory code for the passage of time at a range of timescales. The origin of this tempo-ral signal, however, remains unclear. Here, we examined temporal responses in the entorhinal cortex of macaque monkeys as they viewed complex images. Many neurons in the entorhinal cortex were responsive to image onset, showing large deviations from baseline firing shortly after image onset but relaxing back to baseline at different rates. This range of relaxation rates allowed for the time since image onset to be decoded on the scale of seconds. Further, these neurons carried information about image content, suggesting that neurons in the entorhinal cortex carry information about not only when an event took place but also, the identity of that event. Taken together, these findings suggest that the primate entorhinal cortex uses a spectrum of time con-stants to construct a temporal record of the past in support of episodic memory.
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