Journal
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
Volume 117, Issue 25, Pages 14453-14463Publisher
NATL ACAD SCIENCES
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1916787117
Keywords
visual cortex; nonhuman primate; functional ultrasound imaging; ocular; dominance; brain imaging
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Funding
- European Research Council (ERC) Synergy Grant Scheme (holistic evaluation of light and multiwave applications to high resolution imaging in ophthalmic translational research revisiting the helmholtzian synergies, ERC) [610110]
- French state funds
- Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR) within Programme Investissements d'Avenir, Laboratoire d'Excellence (LABEX) LIFESENSES [ANR-10-LABX-0065]
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire FOReSIGHT [ANR-18-IAHU-0001]
- Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR) [ANR-10-LABX-0065] Funding Source: Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR)
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Deep regions of the brain are not easily accessible to investigation at the mesoscale level in awake animals or humans. We have recently developed a functional ultrasound (fUS) technique that enables imaging hemodynamic responses to visual tasks. Using fUS imaging on two awake nonhuman primates performing a passive fixation task, we constructed retinotopic maps at depth in the visual cortex (V1, V2, and V3) in the calcarine and lunate sulci. The maps could be acquired in a single -hour session with relatively few presentations of the stimuli. The spatial resolution of the technology is illustrated by mapping patterns similar to ocular dominance (OD) columns within superficial and deep layers of the primary visual cortex. These acquisitions using fUS suggested that OD selectivity is mostly present in layer IV but with exten- sions into layers II/III and V. This imaging technology provides a new mesoscale approach to the mapping of brain activity at high spatiotemporal resolution in awake subjects within the whole depth of the cortex.
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