Journal
PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE
Volume 76, Issue 12, Pages 4278-4285Publisher
JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD
DOI: 10.1002/ps.5992
Keywords
Colorado potato beetle; insecticide resistance; geographic variation; RNA-Seq
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Funding
- Hatch Act formula funds [WIS02004]
- USDA AFRI-ELI Graduate Fellowship [2018-67011-28058]
- USDA-ARS Potato Production and Disease Research Grant
- National Socio-Environmental Synthesis Center (SESYNC) under the National Science Foundation [DBI-1052875]
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BACKGROUND Agricultural insect pests frequently exhibit geographic variation in levels of insecticide resistance, which are often presumed to be due to the intensity of insecticide use for pest management. However, regional differences in the evolution of resistance to novel insecticides suggests that other factors are influencing rates of adaptation. We examined median lethal concentration (LC50) bioassay data spanning 15 years and six insecticides (abamectin, imidacloprid, spinosad, cyantraniliprole, chlorantraniliprole, and metaflumizone) for evidence of regional differences inLeptinotarsa decemlineatabaseline sensitivity to insecticides as they became commercially available. RESULTS We consistently found that larvae from Colorado potato beetle populations from the northwestern USA had the highest baseline sensitivity to novel insecticides, while populations from the eastern USA had the lowest. Comparisons of gene expression between populations from these regions revealed constitutively elevated expression of an array of detoxification genes in the East, but no evidence of additional induction when exposed to imidacloprid. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest a mechanism for geographic variation in rates of adaptation to insecticides, whereby baseline levels of gene expression determine a population's response to novel insecticides. These findings have implications for the regional development of insecticide resistance management strategies and for the fundamental question of what determines the rate of adaptation to insecticides.
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