Physiological performance and chemical compositions of theEryngium foetidumL. (Apiaceae) essential oil cultivated with different fertilizer sources

The present work proposed an evaluation of the physiological performance, yield and chemical profile of the essential oil obtained from leaves and roots ofEryngium foetidumL. (Apiaceae) cultivated using different fertilizer sources. The other gas exchange and chlorophyll a fluorescence parameter was not different, suggested that the photosystem II was not affected by the different fertilizer sources. Highest essential oil yield was obtained in leaf samples cultivated with the mineral fertilizer (0.18%) and control conditions (0.22%), while it was obtained by mineral fertilization in the case of root samples (0.22%). The principal component analysis - PCA and hierarchical cluster analysis - HCA showed two groups: the first was formed by roots (OrgR, MinR and ConR), characterized by the constituents 2,3,4-Trimethylbenzaldehyde, Muurola-4,10(14)-dien-1 beta-ol, Isoshyobunone, para-Mint-1,5-dien-8-ol, 6-Canphenone, (E)-gamma-Atlantone and (E)-beta-Farnesene; and the second group formed by leaves (OrgF, MinF, ConF), related to (2E)-2-Dodecenal,t-2-Tetradecenal, 1-Dodecanal, 1-Decanal, Tetradecanal,gamma-Terpinene, Mesitylene and rho-Cymene.

Automated summary

This study evaluated the physiological performance, yield, and chemical profile of the essential oil obtained from leaves and roots of Eryngium foetidum cultivated using different fertilizer sources. Gas exchange and chlorophyll a fluorescence parameters were not affected by the different fertilizer sources. The highest essential oil yield was obtained in leaf samples cultivated with mineral fertilizer and control conditions, while mineral fertilization yielded the highest essential oil in root samples. Additionally, PCA and HCA analyses showed distinct groups formed by roots and leaves, characterized by different chemical constituents.