Journal
NATURAL PRODUCT RESEARCH
Volume 35, Issue 23, Pages 5409-5414Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2020.1775223
Keywords
Macluraxanthone; Mesua ferrea; macrophage; polarisation; cytokine
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Funding
- Taylor's University, Malaysia [TRGS/MFS/1/2014/SBS/007]
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Macluraxanthone promotes polarization of M1-like pro-inflammatory macrophages in human macrophages, but significantly decreases the production of inflammatory cytokines in the presence of pro-inflammatory stimuli.
Macluraxanthone was previously reported to have many biological activities, including anti-cholinesterase, anti-oxidant, anti-cancer, anti-malarial and anti-inflammatory effects. The aim of the current study was to further characterise the effect of macluraxanthone on human macrophage, a type of immune cell that has been implicated in the development of various inflammatory diseases. The expression of surface markers and cytokine production by THP-1 human macrophages following treatment with macluraxanthone were investigated. Macluraxanthone was shown to promote polarisation of M1-like pro-inflammatory macrophages by increasing the percentage of macrophages expressing CD86, while decreasing their CD14, CD11b and CD80 expression. However, in the presence of the pro-inflammatory stimulus lipopolysaccharide, macluraxanthone significantly decreased TNF-alpha and IL-10 cytokine production.
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