Journal
CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION
Volume 22, Issue 8, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2016.05.021
Keywords
Asymptomatic; Interferon-gamma release assay; Interleukin-2; Leishmaniasis; Marker
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Funding
- Drugs for Neglected Diseases Initiative (DNDi) by the Department for International Development (DFID), UK
- Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC), Swizerland
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III via the Tropical Diseases Research Network [RICET RD12/0018/ 0003, RD12/0018/0008]
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III via the ISCIII-AES project 'Impact of a leishmaniasis outbreak in the southwest of Madrid in the immunosuppressed population' [PI13/00440]
- VII PN I+D+I
- FEDER Funds [RICET RD12/0018/0003]
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No field method exists for identifying asymptomatic individuals in areas where Leishmania infantum is endemic. This work reports that, 24 h after stimulating whole blood with soluble Leishmania antigen (SLA), plasma interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and interleukin-2 (IL-2) become significantly elevated in samples from asymptomatic individuals (n = 47) compared with those from negative controls (n = 50), all of them recruited from a blood bank. When compared with the reference test SLA-lymphoproliferative assay, IL-2 appears as a new, 100% sensitive and specific marker for asymptomatic individuals with a positive cellular response (compared with 100% and 84.78%, respectively, for IFN-gamma). Further studies in other transmission areas and in other cohorts of exposed people need to be performed to confirm these results. Once validated, IFN-gamma and IL-2 levels in SLA-stimulated whole blood could be reliably used in the field to estimate the prevalence of those asymptomatic individuals with Leishmania-specific cellular immune responses. A.V. Ibarra-Meneses, (C) 2016 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
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