Journal
LANDSCAPE AND URBAN PLANNING
Volume 198, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2020.103800
Keywords
Proximity; Water; Coast; Lake; River; Spline
Categories
Funding
- European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme [666773]
- Center for Conservation Biology, Stanford University
- Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia
- Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke)
- Griffith University
- University of the Sunshine Coast
- ISCTE - University Institute of Lisbon
- Environmental Protection Agency, Ireland
- internal University of Exeter-Chinese University of Hong Kong international collaboration fund
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Varied categorisations of residential distance to bluespace in population health studies make comparisons difficult. Using survey data from eighteen countries, we modelled relationships between residential distance to blue spaces (coasts, lakes, and rivers), and self-reported recreational visits to these environments at least weekly, with penalised regression splines. We observed exponential declines in visit probability with increasing distance to all three environments and demonstrated the utility of derived categorisations. These categories may be broadly applicable in future research where the assumed underlying mechanism between residential distance to a blue space and a health outcome is direct recreational contact.
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