Microwave-assisted β-cyclodextrin/chrysin inclusion complexation: An economical and green strategy for enhanced hemocompatibility and chemosensitivity in vitro

Chrysin (5, 7-dihydroxyflavone) (CHR), a wonder flavonoid that nature has bestowed upon us, is endowed with a broad spectrum of pharmacological properties. Nonetheless, the practical uses of CHR are greatly impeded owing to its poor aqueous solubility and low oral bioavailability. Inclusion complexes (ICs) in beta-cyclodextrin (beta-CD) have been an effectual strategy for the same and herein, CHR/beta-CD solid ICs were accomplished by diverse approaches. The inclusion phenomenon was affirmed from different spectroscopic techniques. Molecular dynamic simulation studies ascertained the high stability of CHR/beta-CD IC. The microwave irradiation method, which is environmentally more benign, was found to be the optimum wherein the product (MW) exhibited better characteristics in terms of drug content and dissolution. In vitro hemolytic assay revealed no adverse effect on RBC morphology and the toxicity of CHR was significantly reduced by employing MW. Furthermore, the MW product demonstrated improved chemosensitivity potency in terms of intracellular uptake and cytotoxicity against MCF7 cells in comparison to pristine CHR. Our findings unambiguously validate the efficacy of MW as a superior drug formulation for pharmaceutical applications of CHR delivery. (C) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.