Journal
JOURNAL OF INHERITED METABOLIC DISEASE
Volume 43, Issue 6, Pages 1360-1369Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/jimd.12289
Keywords
coagulation; congenital disorder of glycosylation; congenital hepatic fibrosis; diarrhea; D-mannose; MPI-CDG; portal hypertension
Funding
- E-RARE-3, the ERA-Net for Research on Rare Diseases [ANR-15RAR3-0004-06]
- European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the ERA-NET cofound action [643578]
- patient's association (Nos Anges)
- patient's association (OPPH)
- patient's association (Hyperinsulinisme)
- patient's association (Noa Luu)
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Mannose phosphate isomerase MPI-CDG (formerly CDG-1b) is a potentially fatal inherited metabolic disease which is readily treatable with oral D-mannose. We retrospectively reviewed long-term outcomes of patients with MPI-CDG, all but one of whom were treated with D-mannose. Clinical, biological, and histological data were reviewed at diagnosis and on D-mannose treatment. Nine patients were diagnosed with MPI-CDG at a median age of 3 months. The presenting symptoms were diarrhea (n = 9), hepatomegaly (n = 9), hypoglycemia (n = 8), and protein loosing enteropathy (n = 7). All patients survived except the untreated one who died at 2 years of age. Oral D-mannose was started in eight patients at a median age of 7 months (mean 38 months), with a median follow-up on treatment of 14 years 9 months (1.5-20 years). On treatment, two patients developed severe portal hypertension, two developed venous thrombosis, and 1 displayed altered kidney function. Poor compliance with D-mannose was correlated with recurrence of diarrhea, thrombosis, and abnormal biological parameters including coagulation factors and transferrin profiles. Liver fibrosis persisted despite treatment, but two patients showed improved liver architecture during follow-up. This study highlights (i) the efficacy and safety of D-mannose treatment with a median follow-up on treatment of almost 15 years (ii) the need for life-long treatment (iii) the risk of relapse with poor compliance, (iii) the importance of portal hypertension screening (iv) the need to be aware of venous and renal complications in adulthood.
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