Journal
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Volume 222, Issue 10, Pages 1620-1628Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiaa505
Keywords
SARS-CoV-2; coronavirus; antibodies; neutralizing; convalescent; plasma
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Background. Convalescent plasma (CP) is a potentially important therapy for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, knowledge regarding neutralizing antibody (NAb) titers in donor plasma and their impact in patients with acute COVID-19 remains largely undetermined. We measured NAb titers in CP and in patients with acute COVID-19 before and after transfusion through the traditional Food and Drug Administration investigational new drug pathway. Methods. We performed a single-arm interventional trial measuring NAb and total antibody titers before and after CP transfusion over a 14-day period in hospitalized patients with laboratory-confirmed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection. Results. NAb titers in the donor CP units were low (<1:40 to 1:160) and had no effect on recipient neutralizing activity 1 day after transfusion. NAb titers were detected in 6 of 12 patients on enrollment and in 11 of 12 at > 2 time points. Average titers peaked on day 7 and declined toward day 14 (P = .004). Nab titers and immunoglobulin G levels were correlated in donor plasma units (rho = 0.938; P <.001) and in the cumulative patient measures (rho = 0.781; P <.001). Conclusions. CP infusion did not alter recipient NAb titers. Prescreening of CP may be necessary for selecting donors with high titers of neutralizing activity for infusion into patients with COVID-19.
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