Journal
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
Volume 391, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122267
Keywords
Manure fertilizers; Antibiotic resistance genes; Vegetable production; Baseline level
Categories
Funding
- National Key Research and Development Program from Ministry of Science and Technology [2016YFD0800205, 2016YFD0800201]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [31722004]
- K.C. Wong Education Foundation
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A large quantity of manure is applied in greenhouse vegetable production (GVP) soils, while manure fertilization often leads to the proliferation of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in soils. However, comprehensive study on the effects of different types of manure on ARGs in GVP soils remains unknown, and the baseline level of ARGs in GVP soil is poorly quantified. This study conducted a comprehensive survey of ARGs in GVP soils using high-throughput quantitative PCR. We found elevated ARG diversity and absolute abundance in fertilized soil, whereas no significant difference in soil ARGs amended with different types of manure. Redundancy analysis indicated that the change of bacterial community compositions and environmental factors contributed partially to the shift in ARG profiles. Bipartite network analysis indicated that one ARG was detected in non-manured soils, while 50 ARGs and 4 mobile gene elements were exclusively detected in fertilized soils, suggesting introduction of ARGs from manure into soils largely explained the increased ARG diversity in fertilized soil. By comparison of ARG absolute abundance between manured and non-manured soil, we estimated the typical level of ARG absolute abundance in non-manured soil, which provided the first rough baseline level of ARGs to assess ARG contamination in GVP soils.
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