Journal
JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE
Volume 581, Issue -, Pages 635-643Publisher
ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.07.144
Keywords
Aqueous cathode dispersions; Thick lithium-ion battery coatings; High-areal-capacity cathodes; High-power performance; pH stabilization; Phosphoric acid addition; Lithium leaching; Current collector corrosion; Electrode dispersion rheology
Categories
Funding
- U.S. Department of Energy [DEAC05-00OR22725]
- Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) Vehicle Technologies Office (VTO)
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The production of lithium-ion batteries (LIB) can benefit economically and environmentally from aqueous processing, although issues still exist with ultra-thick cathodes. An investigation into mitigating corrosion by adjusting the pH of the dispersion with phosphoric acid has been conducted, resulting in a technique for producing aqueous processed cathodes with improved surface cracking and high-rate discharge capacity.
Lithium-ion battery (LIB) production can benefit both economically and environmentally from aqueous processing. Although these electrodes have the potential to surpass electrodes conventionally processed with N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) in terms of performance, significant issues still exist with respect to ultra-thick cathodes (>> 4 mAh/cm(2) areal capacities). A major concern for these types of electrodes with high-nickel active material stems from lithium leaching from active material, which drives the pH of the dispersion in excess of 12 and subsequently corrodes the current collector interface. As this corrosion reaction proceeds, hydrogen generation at the interface creates bubbles which cause severe cracking in the dried electrode surface. When areal loadings are increased, this effect becomes more pronounced and is detrimental to both mechanical and electrochemical properties of these electrodes. Herein, a technique for mitigating corrosion at the current collector by adjusting the pH of the dispersion with the addition of phosphoric acid is investigated. Phosphoric acid was added in 0.5 wt% increments between 0.0 and 1.5 wt%, and effects on rheology, adhesion, corrosion, and electrochemical performance were investigated. A technique is reported for producing aqueous processed cathodes with areal loadings of 6-8 mAh/cm(2) with reduced surface cracking and superior high-rate discharge capacity (i.e. high-power performance) for this class of cathode loadings. (C) 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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