Journal
CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH
Volume 22, Issue 19, Pages 4923-4933Publisher
AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH
DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-15-2664
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Funding
- Intramural Grant 5 per mille MIUR from Fondazione Piemontese per la Ricerca sul Cancro (FPRC)-ONLUS
- Grant Farmacogenomica 5 per mille MIUR from FPRC-ONLUS
- Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro MFAG [11349]
- FPRC-ONLUS 5 per mille Ministero della Salute
- Fondo per la Ricerca Locale, University of Turin
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Purpose: KRAS mutations confer adverse prognosis to colorectal cancer, and no targeted therapies have shown efficacy in this patient subset. Paracrine, nongenetic events induced by KRAS-mutant tumor cells are expected to result in specific deregulation and/or relocation of tumor microenvironment (TME) proteins, which in principle can be exploited as alternative therapeutic targets. Experimental Design: A multimodal strategy combining ex vivo/in vitro phage display screens with deep-sequencing and bioinformatics was applied to uncover TME-specific targets in KRAS-mutant hepatic metastasis from colorectal cancer. Expression and localization of BCAM and LAMA5 were validated by immunohistochemistry in preclinical models of human hepatic metastasis and in a panel of human specimens (n = 71). The antimetastatic efficacy of two BCAM-mimic peptides was evaluated in mouse models. The role of BCAM in the interaction of KRAS-mutant colorectal cancer cells with TME cells was investigated by adhesion assays. Results: BCAM and LAMA5 were identified as molecular targets within both tumor cells and TME of KRAS-mutant hepatic metastasis from colorectal cancer, where they were specifically overexpressed. Two BCAM-mimic peptides inhibited KRAS-mutant hepatic metastasis in preclinical models. Genetic suppression and biochemical inhibition of either BCAM or LAMA5 impaired adhesion of KRAS-mutant colorectal cancer cells specifically to endothelial cells, whereas adhesion to pericytes and hepatocytes was unaffected. Conclusions: These data show that the BCAM/LAMA5 system plays a functional role in the metastatic spreading of KRAS-mutant colorectal cancer by mediating tumor-TME interactions and as such represents a valuable therapeutic candidate for this large, currently untreatable patient group. (C) 2016 AACR.
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