Journal
JOURNAL OF APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY
Volume 129, Issue 6, Pages 1441-1457Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1111/jam.14766
Keywords
antibacterial; antibiofilm; antifouling; antimicrobial; coral-associated bacteria; coral reefs; deep-sea coral; secondary metabolites
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Funding
- Shell Brasil under the ANP R&D levy as 'Compromisso de Investimentos com Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento'
- Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq)
- CoordenacAo de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES)
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Symbiotic relationships between corals and their associated micro-organisms are essential to maintain host homeostasis. Coral-associated bacteria (CAB) can have different beneficial roles in the coral metaorganism, such as metabolizing essential nutrients for the coral host and protecting the coral from pathogens. Many CAB exert these functions via secondary metabolites, which include antibacterial, antifouling, antitumour, antiparasitic and antiviral compounds. This review describes how analysis of CAB has led to the discovery of secondary metabolites with potential biotechnological applications. The most commonly found types of secondary metabolites, antimicrobial and antibiofilm compounds, are emphasized and described. Recently developed methods that can be applied to enhance the culturing of CAB from shallow-water reefs and the less-studied deep-sea coral reefs are also discussed. Last, we suggest how the combined use of meta-omics and innovative growth-diffusion techniques can vastly improve the discovery of novel compounds in coral environments.
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