Is the H2 economy realizable in the foreseeable future? Part II: H2 storage, transportation, and distribution

The goal of the review series on the H-2 economy is to highlight the current status, major issues, and opportunities associated with H-2 production, storage, transportation, distribution and usage in various energy sectors. In particular, Part I discussed the various H-2 (grey and green) production methods including the futuristic ones such as photoelectrochemical for small, medium, and large-scale applications. Part II of the H-2 economy review identifies the developments and challenges in the areas of H-2 storage, transportation and distribution with national and international initiatives in the field, all of which suggest a pathway for establishing greener H-2 society in the near future. Currently, various methods, comprising physical and chemical routes are being explored with a focus on improving the H-2 storage density, capacity, and reducing the cost. H-2 transportation methods by road, through pipelines, and via ocean are pursued actively in expanding the market for large scale applications around the world. As of now, compressed H-2 and its transportation by road is the most realistic option for the transportation sector. (C) 2020 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.