Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
Volume 102, Issue 16, Pages 4316-4330Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
DOI: 10.1080/03067319.2020.1784407
Keywords
Phthalates; plasticisers; children toy; child care article; Saudi Arabia; GC-MS
Categories
Funding
- Deanship of Scientific Research at Jazan University [37/7/000125]
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This study is the first to investigate the presence and levels of phthalates and other plasticizers in children's toys and child care articles sold in the Saudi market. The study found that 19% of the tested products exceeded the regulated limits for phthalates. All noncompliant items were made of polyvinyl chloride (PVC).
Phthalates are chemical compounds added to plastic materials to provide flexibility. They are used in numerous consumer products including children's toys and child care articles. Exposure to phthalates is linked to reproductive and developmental disorders in addition to endocrine disruption effects. This study is the first to investigate the presence and levels of phthalates and other plasticisers in children's toys and child care articles sold in the Saudi market. Twenty-seven products were obtained from local marketplaces and analysed by GC-MS for the levels of the six regulated phthalates dibutyl phthalate (DBP), benzyl butyl phthalate (BBP), di-(2-ethylhexl) phthalate (DEHP), di-n-octyl phthalate (DnOP), diisononyl phthalate (DINP) and diisodecyl phthalate (DIDP). Other plasticisers and plastic additives were investigated qualitatively for potential risks. Overall, 19% of products tested were found to have one or more regulated phthalates exceeding the 0.1% w/w regulatory limit. All noncompliant items were made of polyvinyl chloride (PVC). In contrast, the 16 non-PVC items tested were compliant with regulations. Among the 11 PVC items tested, 45% were noncompliant. DEHP was detected in all 11 PVC products, with concentrations ranging from
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