Journal
HAEMATOLOGICA
Volume 106, Issue 9, Pages 2345-2353Publisher
FERRATA STORTI FOUNDATION
DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2020.251488
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Funding
- Ministero dell'Universita e della Ricerca Scientifica e Tecnologica (MURST), Programmi di Ricerca di Interesse Nazionale
- Ministero della Salute (Ricerca Finalizzata Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico [IRCCS], Rome, Italy)
- Associazione Italiana Ricerca Cancro (AIRC) [IG-21687]
- Progetto Ricerca Finalizzata, Ministero della Salute, Rome, Italy [PE 2016-02362756]
- Progetto Ricerca Finalizzata [RF-2018-12365790]
- Fondazione Cariplo [2012-0689]
- Associazione Italiana contro le Leucemie, Linfomi e Mielomi (AIL), Venezia Section, Pramaggiore Group, Italy
- Fondazione per la Vita di Pordenone, Italy
- Ricerca Scientifica Applicata, Regione Friuli Venezia Giulia (Linfonet Project), Trieste, Italy
- 5x1000 Intramural Program, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico, Aviano, Italy
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NOTCH1 mutations are associated with poorer response to ibrutinib treatment in chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients, leading to shorter progression free survival and overall survival.
The introduction of agents inhibiting the B-cell receptor-associated kinases such as ibrutinib has dramatically changed treatments algorithms of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) as well as the role of different adverse prognosticators. We evaluated the efficacy of ibrutinib as a single agent, in a real-life context, in 180 patients with CLL mostly pre-treated, recruited from three independent cohorts from Italy. Patients received 420 mg oral ibrutinib once daily until progression or occurrence of unacceptable side effects. Seventy-three patients discontinued ibrutinib for progression or for adverse events. NOTCH1 mutations (NOTCH1 M) were correlated with a reduced redistribution lymphocytosis, calculated at 3 months on ibrutinib (P=0.022). Moreover, NOTCH1 M patients showed inferior nodal response at 6 months on ibrutinib compared to NOTCH1 wild-type patients (P<0.0001). Significant shorter progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were observed in NOTCH1 M patients (P=0.00002 and P=0.001). Interestingly, NOTCH1 M plus a lower BAX/BCL-2 ratio identified a CLL subset showing the worst PFS and OS (P=0.0002 and P=0.005). In multivariate analysis of PFS and OS, NOTCH1 M were confirmed an independent prognosticator (P=0.00006 and P=0.0039). In conclusion, NOTCH1 M are strongly associated with a lower BAX/BCL-2 ratio, consistent with defective apoptosis, lower redistribution lymphocytosis and lower nodal shrinkage under ibrutinib treatment, this last paramter being responsible for partial responses, subsequent relapses, as well as shorter PFS and OS. Either new small molecule combination approaches or antibodies targeting NOTCH1 could be future therapeutic options for NOTCH1 M patients.
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