4.4 Article

Morphological and genetic diversity of Slovene lettuce landrace 'Ljubljanska ledenka' (Lactuca sativaL.)

Journal

GENETIC RESOURCES AND CROP EVOLUTION
Volume 68, Issue 1, Pages 185-203

Publisher

SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s10722-020-00978-5

Keywords

Lactuca sativa; Landraces; Genotypic variability; Phenotypic variability; Bremia lactucae; Race-specific resistance

Funding

  1. Slovenian Research Agency [L4-6346]
  2. Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Food [P4-0072]
  3. European Project GENRES [AGRI-2006-0262]
  4. Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic [MSM 6198959215]
  5. National Programme of Genepool Conservation of Microorganisms and Small Animals of Economic Importance of the Czech Republic
  6. Internal Grant Agency of Palacky University in Olomouc, the Czech Republic [IGA_2018-001, IGA_2019-004, IGA_2020-003]

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Phenotypic variation was observed among 51 accessions of lettuce landrace 'Ljubljanska ledenka'. Cluster and principal component analysis divided the accessions into four clusters, with anthocyanin coloration being a key distinguishing factor. AFLP dendrogram showed similar clustering patterns to phenotypic dendrogram, with a high correlation between phenotypic and molecular data.
A set of accessions of lettuce landrace 'Ljubljanska ledenka' (Lactuca sativaL.) was characterized by morphological and molecular markers and for resistance toBremia lactucae, with the aim of assessing the variability of the collection, exploring the genetic structure and potentially identifying the characters responsible for differentiation of the accessions. Wide phenotypic variation was observed among 51 accessions screened for 26 morphological and phenological traits. UPGMA cluster analysis and principal component analysis based on phenotypic data enabled the studied accessions to be divided into four clusters. The most important character by which the largest two clusters were differentiated was anthocyanin coloration. The clustering pattern of the AFLP dendrogram where two major clusters were identified was similar but not identical to the pattern of the phenotypic dendrogram. The Mantel test showed a high correlation between the phenotypic and the molecular data obtained (r = 0.67). In spite of the weak genetic differentiation between the accessions, STRUCTURE analysis based on AFLP data provided a clear indication for the existence of sub-groups within the two clusters. Thirty-four accessions were screened for resistance to 12 races ofB. lactucae. The results show that the accessions very frequently express various reaction patterns of race specificity. Expression of race-specificity was not uniform across the set of accessions and at least 11 different reaction patterns were recorded, indicating that different race-specific resistance factors (R-factors) or genes (Dmgenes) could be expected. This conclusion is supported by the results obtained in morphological and molecular studies, showing that lettuce landrace 'Ljubljanska ledenka' is not genetically uniform and is represented by a variety of genotypes.

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