Journal
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF HEART FAILURE
Volume 22, Issue 7, Pages 1125-1132Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/ejhf.1952
Keywords
Heart failure; Young adults; Comorbidity; Mortality
Categories
Funding
- Swedish Research Council [2013-5187 SIMSAM]
- Swedish state [ALFGBG-433211, ALFGBG-725081, ALFGBG-717211]
- Swedish Heart and Lung Foundation [2013-0307, 2018-0419, 2015-0438]
- Vastra Gotaland Region
- Gothenburg Society of Medicine [GLS-328971]
- Swedish Council for Health, Working Life and Welfare (FORTE) [2013-0325]
- Cardiology Research Foundation at the Medical Clinic at Sahlgrenska University Hospital/Ostra
- Swedish National Board of Health and Welfare
- Swedish Association of Local Authorities and Regions
- Swedish Society of Cardiology and Cardiology Research Foundation
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Aims The prevalence and hospitalizations of patients with heart failure (HF) aged <55 years have increased in Sweden during the last decades. We aimed to compare characteristics of younger and older patients with HF, and examine survival in patients All patients >= 18 years in the Swedish Heart Failure Register from 2003 to 2014 were included. Data were merged with National Patient and Cause of Death Registers. Among 60 962 patients, 3752 (6.2%) were <55 years, and were compared with 7425 controls from the Population Register. Compared with patients >= 55 years, patients <55 years more frequently had registered diagnoses of obesity, dilated cardiomyopathy, congenital heart disease, and an ejection fraction <40% (9.8% vs. 4.7%, 27.2% vs. 5.5%, 3.7% vs. 0.8%, 67.9% vs. 45.1%, respectively; allP < 0.001). One-year all-cause mortality was 21.2%, 4.2%, and 0.3% in patients >= 55 years, patients <55 years, and controls <55 years, respectively (allP < 0.001). Patients <55 years had a five times higher mortality risk compared with controls [hazard ratio (HR) 5.48, 95% confidence interval (CI) 4.45-6.74]; the highest HR was in patients 18-34 years (HR 38.3, 95% CI 8.70-169; bothP < 0.001). At the age of 20, the estimated life-years lost was up to 36 years for 50% of patients, with declining estimates with increasing age. Conclusion Patients with HF <55 years had different comorbidities than patients >= 55 years. The highest mortality risk relative to that of controls was among the youngest patients.
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