Effect of Synthesis Temperature on Structure and Electrochemical Performance of Spinel-Layered Li1.33MnTiO4+z in Li-Ion Batteries

Herein, the spinel-layered cathode material Li1.33MnTiO4+z (0.8LiMnTiO(4)center dot 0.2Li(2)Mn(0.5)Ti(0.5)O(3)) is investigated for the purpose of developing a high-capacity, low-cost, and environmentally friendly cathode for Li-ion batteries. Sol-gel synthesis is conducted and the relationships between synthesis temperature, structure, and electrochemical performance of the cathodes are studied. The effects of size and purity on the capacities of these cathodes are discussed. The samples fired at 500 and 600 degrees C contain an impurity phase of TiO2, thus delivering capacities of 208 and 210 mAh g(-1) at C/10, respectively. The sample fired at 700 degrees C without the impurity phase of TiO2 shows a high capacity of 222 mAh g(-1) at C/10 and capacity retention of 90.5% after 100 cycles at 1C.