Journal
CYTOKINE & GROWTH FACTOR REVIEWS
Volume 54, Issue -, Pages 43-50Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2020.07.010
Keywords
Type I Interferons; COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; Coronavirus; Mucosal treatments; Immunomodulation; Antiviral therapy; Antiviral Immune Response; Beta Interferon
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Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) first emerged in late 2019 in China. At the time of writing, its causative agent SARS-CoV-2 has spread worldwide infecting over 9 million individuals and causing more than 460,000 deaths. In the absence of vaccines, we are facing the dramatic challenge of controlling COVID-19 pandemic. Among currently available drugs, type I Interferons (IFN-I) - mainly IFN-alpha and beta -represent ideal candidates given their direct and immune-mediated antiviral effects and the long record of clinical use. However, the best modalities of using these cytokines in SARS-CoV-2 infected patients is a matter of debate. Here, we discuss how we can exploit the current knowledge on IFN-I system to tailor the most promising dosing, timing and route of administration of IFN-I to the disease stage, with the final aim of making these cytokines a valuable therapeutic strategy in today's fight against COVID-19 pandemic.
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