Bioinformatics Analysis Reveals Centromere Protein K can Serve as Potential Prognostic Biomarker and Therapeutic Target for Non-small Cell Lung Cancer

Background: Non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) accounts for 80% of all lung cancer cases, which have been a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Previous studies demonstrated that centromere proteins were dysregulated and involved in regulating the tumorigenesis and development of human cancers. However, the roles of centromere protein family members in NSCLC remained to be further elucidated. Objective: The present study aimed to explore the roles of centromere protein family members in NSCLC. Methods: GEPIA (http://gepia.cancer-pku.cn/) was used to analyze the target's expression between normal and human cancers. We explored the prognostic value of centromere proteins in NSCLC using the Kaplan-Meier plotter (http://kmplot.com). The protein-protein interaction among centromere proteins was determined using GeneMANIA (http://www.genemania.org). TISIDB (http://cis.hku.hk/TISIDB) database was used to detect the relationship between centromere protein expression and clinical stages, lymphocytes, immunomodulators and chemokines in NSCLC. The DAVID database (https://david.ncifcrf.gov) was used to detect potential roles of CENPK using its co-expressing genes. Results: The present study for the first time showed that centromere protein family members including CENPA, CENPF, CENPH, CENPI, CENPK, CENPM, CENPN, CENPO, CENPQ, CENPU were dysregulated and correlated to the poor prognosis of patients with LUAD. CENPK showed the greatest correlation with the prognosis of patients with NSCLC. We found that CENPK was significantly highly expressed in LUAD samples and overexpression of CENPK was remarkably correlated to the shorter OS and DFS in patients with a different stage of NSCLC. Of note, this study for the first time showed that CENPK was significantly correlated to the lymphocytes and immunomodulators using the TISIDB database. Conclusion: In summary, CENPK can serve as a novel biomarker for the diagnosis of patients with NSCLC.

Automated summary

This study revealed that the centromere protein family members were dysregulated and correlated with poor prognosis in LUAD patients, with CENPK showing the strongest correlation with NSCLC patients' prognosis. High expression of CENPK was significantly correlated with shorter OS and DFS in different stage NSCLC patients. Additionally, CENPK was found to be significantly correlated with lymphocytes and immunomodulators using the TISIDB database, indicating its potential as a novel biomarker for NSCLC diagnosis.