Journal
CLINICAL NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
Volume 131, Issue 11, Pages 2736-2765Publisher
ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2020.07.015
Keywords
disorders of consciousness; EEG; evoked potentials; event-related potentials; vegetative state; minimally conscious state; coma
Categories
Funding
- European Union's Horizon 2020 Framework Programme for Research and Innovation [785907, 720270, 686764]
- Tiny Blue Dot Foundation
- Canadian institute for advanced research
- Azrieli Program in Brain, Mind and Consciousness
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke of the National Institutes of Health [R01 NS106014, R03 NS112760]
- DANA foundation
- EUREKA-Eurostars [E! 9361 Com-Alert]
- Swiss National Foundation [168437, 177873]
- BIAL Foundation
- Sorbonne Emergence program
- Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Epiniere
- James S. McDonnell Foundation Collaborative Activity Award Recovery of Consciousness After Severe Brain Injury
- ERA PerMed JTC2019 PerBrain
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The analysis of spontaneous EEG activity and evoked potentials is a cornerstone of the instrumental evaluation of patients with disorders of consciousness (DoC). The past few years have witnessed an unprecedented surge in EEG-related research applied to the prediction and detection of recovery of consciousness after severe brain injury, opening up the prospect that new concepts and tools may be available at the bedside. This paper provides a comprehensive, critical overview of both consolidated and investigational electrophysiological techniques for the prognostic and diagnostic assessment of DoC. We describe conventional clinical EEG approaches, then focus on evoked and event-related potentials, and finally we analyze the potential of novel research findings. In doing so, we (i) draw a distinction between acute, prolonged and chronic phases of DoC, (ii) attempt to relate both clinical and research findings to the underlying neuronal processes and (iii) discuss technical and conceptual caveats. The primary aim of this narrative review is to bridge the gap between standard and emerging electrophysiological measures for the detection and prediction of recovery of consciousness. The ultimate scope is to provide a reference and common ground for academic researchers active in the field of neurophysiology and clinicians engaged in intensive care unit and rehabilitation. (C) 2020 International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
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