Journal
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Volume 71, Issue 10, Pages 2688-2694Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciaa721
Keywords
SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; neutralizing antibody; convalescent patient
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Funding
- National Key Research and Development Program of China [2020YFC0842100]
- Beijing Science and Technology Program [Z201100005420006]
- Beijing Traditional Chinese Medicine Science and Technology Development program [BJYAYY-2020YC-02]
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Background. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a pandemic with no specific antiviral treatments or vaccines. There is an urgent need for exploring the neutralizing antibodies from patients with different clinical characteristics. Methods. A total of 117 blood samples were collected from 70 COVID-19 inpatients and convalescent patients. Antibodies were determined with a modified cytopathogenic neutralization assay (NA) based on live severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The dynamics of neutralizing antibody levels at different time points with different clinical characteristics were analyzed. Results. The seropositivity rate reached up to 100.0% within 20 days since onset, and remained 100.0% till days 41-53. The total geometric mean titer was 1:163.7 (95% confidence interval [CI], 128.5-208.6) by NA and 1:12441.7 (95% CI, 9754.5-15869.2) by ELISA. The antibody level by NA and ELISA peaked on days 31-40 since onset, and then decreased slightly. In multivariate generalized estimating equation analysis, patients aged 31-45, 46-60, and 61-84 years had a higher neutralizing antibody level than those aged 16-30 years (beta=1.0470, P = .0125; P beta =1.0613, P = .0307; beta =1.3713, P = .0020). Patients with a worse clinical classification had a higher neutralizing antibody titer (beta = 0.4639, P = .0227). Conclusions. The neutralizing antibodies were detected even at the early stage of disease, and a significant response was shown in convalescent patients.
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