Journal
CHEMOSPHERE
Volume 249, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126097
Keywords
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii; Degradation; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; Benz(a)anthracene
Categories
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [31500038]
- Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [XDJK2020B070]
- Chongqing Student Innovation Project [s201910635011]
- Recruitment Program for Foreign Experts [SWU118114, SWU118119]
- Taishan Industry Leading Talents Fund of Shandong Province [tscy20150707]
- Social Livelihood Major Project of Ji'nan [201704139, 201807007]
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Benz(a)anthracene (BaA) is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), that belongs to a group of carcinogenic and mutagenic persistent organic pollutants found in a variety of ecological habitats. In this study, the efficient biodegradation of BaA by a green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (C. reinhardtii) CC-503 was investigated. The results showed that the growth of C. reinhardtii was hardly affected with an initial concentration of 10 mg/L, but was inhibited significantly under higher concentrations of BaA (>30 mg/L) (p < 0.05). We demonstrated that the relatively high concentration of 10 mg/L BaA was degraded completely in 11 days, which indicated that C. reinhardtii had an efficient degradation system. During the degradation, the intermediate metabolites were determined to be isomeric phenanthrene or anthracene, 2,6-diisopropylnaphthalene, 1,3-diisopropylnaphthalene, 1,7-diisopropylnaphthalene, and cyclohexanol. The enzymes involved in the degradation included the homogentisate 1,2-dioxygenase (HGD), the carboxymethylenebutenolidase, the ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) and the ubiquinol oxidase. The respective genes encoding these proteins were significantly upregulated ranging from 3.17 fold to 13.03 fold and the activity of enzymes, such as HGD and Rubisco, was significantly induced up to 4.53 and 1.46 fold (p < 0.05), during the BaA metabolism. This efficient degradation ability suggests that the green alga C. reinhardtii CC-503 may be a sustainable candidate for PAHs remediation. (C) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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