Journal
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
Volume 46, Issue 18, Pages 28490-28498Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.ceramint.2020.08.006
Keywords
Na3V2(PO4)(2)F-3/C; Zr4+ doping; Cathode material; Sodium ion battery
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Funding
- National Nature Science Foundation of China [91961126, 21771062]
- Scientific Research Fund of Hunan Provincial Education Department [18A366]
- Hunan Provincial Science and Technology Plan, China [2017TP1001]
- Changde City Science and Technology Plan, China [2019S052]
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To improve the intrinsic electronic conductivity of Na3V2(PO4)(2)F-3 (NVPF), zirconium (Zr) was introduced into the NVPF/C compound through a carbothermal reduction reaction with citric acid as the carbon source. The effects of Zr4+ doping on the crystal structure and morphology of the as-prepared materials were analyzed. Electrochemical and kinetic properties of the samples were investigated by galvanostatic charge-discharge, CV and EIS test. It is confirmed that moderate Zr4+ doping can improve the electrochemical performance of NVPF. Among all Na3V2-xZrx(PO4)(2)F-3/C (x = 0, 0.01, 0.05, 0.1) samples, Na3V1.95Zr0.05(PO4)(2)F-3/C shows the best rate and cycle performance. It exhibits the highest specific capacity of 121.8 and 110.3 mAh/g at 0.2 and 10 C, respectively, and maintains a capacity retention of approximately 83.6% after 1000 cycles at 5 C. The kinetic properties results show that the excellent electrochemical performance of Na3V1.95Zr0.05(PO4)(2)F-3/C can be attributed to the increase in electronic conductivity and ion diffusion coefficient.
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