Journal
CELL
Volume 182, Issue 3, Pages 641-+Publisher
CELL PRESS
DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.06.014
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Funding
- Cancer Center Support Grant at the Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center [P30CA016087]
- National Multiple Sclerosis Society Fellowship [FG 2089-A-1]
- NIH [R01AI121436]
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute
- Helen and Martin Kimmel Center for Biology and Medicine
- Immunology and Inflammation training grant [T32AI100853]
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Targeting glycolysis has been considered therapeutically intractable owing to its essential housekeeping role. However, the context-dependent requirement for individual glycolytic steps has not been fully explored. We show that CRISPR-mediated targeting of glycolysis in T cells in mice results in global loss of Th17 cells, whereas deficiency of the glycolytic enzyme glucose phosphate isomerase (Gpi1) selectively eliminates inflammatory encephalitogenic and colitogenic Th17 cells, without substantially affecting homeostatic microbiota-specific Th17 cells. In homeostatic Th17 cells, partial blockade of glycolysis upon Gpi1 inactivation was compensated by pentose phosphate pathway flux and increased mitochondrial respiration. In contrast, inflammatory Th17 cells experience a hypoxic microenvironment known to limit mitochondrial respiration, which is incompatible with loss of Gpi1. Our study suggests that inhibiting glycolysis by targeting Gpi1 could be an effective therapeutic strategy with minimum toxicity for Th17-mediated autoimmune diseases, and, more generally, that metabolic redundancies can be exploited for selective targeting of disease processes.
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