Polysaccharides from Gracilaria lemaneiformis promote the HaCaT keratinocytes wound healing by polarised and directional cell migration

In this study, we evaluated the wound healing activity of polysaccharides fractions from Gracilaria lemaneiformis. Three purified fractions, namely, GLP-1, GLP-2 and GLP-3 were obtained from anion-exchange chromatography and were evaluated for their cell proliferation activity. Among the three fractions, the fraction GLP-2 promoted cell proliferation at a concentration of 100 mu g/mL. Further, chemical and structural analysis of GLP-2 revealed it to be a homogenous and repeating structure of alternating 4-linked 3,6-anhydro-alpha-L-galactopyranosyl and 3-linked beta-D-galactopyranosyl units with sulfate residues. Further, we analysed the wound healing activities of the fraction GLP-2 and its underlying mechanisms. The results showed that GLP-2 promotes cell proliferation and migration through activation of PI3 K/aPKC signaling during human keratinocytes wound healing. Based on the findings in this study, we concluded that the wound healing activities of the GLP-2 fraction can provide the scientific basis for the development of G. lemaneiformis polysaccharides based product for wound management.