Journal
CANCER RESEARCH
Volume 80, Issue 21, Pages 4601-4609Publisher
AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH
DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-20-1830
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Funding
- NIH [R01CA214799]
- American Cancer Society - Tri State CEOs Against Cancer Postdoctoral Fellowship [PF-19-097-01-DMC]
- Ovarian Cancer Research Alliance [597484, T32 CA009035]
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Cancers that arise from BRCA1 germline mutations are deficient for homologous recombination (HR) DNA repair and are sensitive to DNA-damaging agents such as platinum and PARP inhibitors. In vertebrate organisms, knockout of critical HR genes including BRCA1 and BRCA2 is lethal because HR is required for genome replication. Thus, cancers must develop strategies to cope with loss of HR activity. Furthermore, as established tumors respond to chemotherapy selection pressure, additional genetic adaptations transition cancers to an HR-proficient state. In this review, we discuss biological mechanisms that influence the ability of BRCA1-mutant cancers to perform HR. Furthermore, we consider how the HR status fluctuates throughout the cancer life course, from tumor initiation to the development of therapy refractory disease.
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