Journal
AVIAN PATHOLOGY
Volume 49, Issue 6, Pages 611-620Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
DOI: 10.1080/03079457.2020.1804528
Keywords
ARV; tenosynovitis; arthritis; malabsorption syndrome; phylogeny; viral evolution
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Funding
- Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq) [311010/2017-2]
- Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES) [001]
- Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul (FAPERGS)
- Pro Reitoria de Pesquisa Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul
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Avian reovirus (ARV) is one of the main causes of infectious arthritis/tenosynovitis and malabsorption syndrome (MAS) in poultry. ARVs have been disseminated in Brazilian poultry flocks in the last years. This study aimed to genotype ARVs and to evaluate the molecular evolution of the more frequent ARV lineages detected in Brazilian poultry-producing farms. A total of 100 poultry flocks with clinical signs of tenosynovitis/MAS, from all Brazilian poultry-producing regions were positive for ARV by PCR. Seventeen bird tissues were submitted to cell culture and ARV RNA detection/genotyping by two PCRs. The phylogenetic classification was based on sigma C gene alignment using a dataset with other Brazilian and worldwide ARVs sequences. ARVs were specifically detected by both PCRs from the 17 cell cultures, and sigma C gene partial fragments were sequenced. All these sequences were aligned with a total of 451 ARV sigma C gene data available in GenBank. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated five well-defined clusters that were classified into lineages I, II, III, IV, and V. Three lineages could be further divided into sub-lineages: I (I vaccine, Ia, Ib), II (IIa, IIb, IIc) and IV (IVa and IVb). Brazilian ARVs were from four lineages/sub-lineages: Ib (48.2%), IIb (22.2%), III (3.7%) and V (25.9%). The Bayesian analysis demonstrated that the most frequent sub-lineage Ib emerged in the world around 1968 and it was introduced into Brazil in 2010, with increasing spread soon after. In conclusion, four different ARV lineages are circulating in Brazilian poultry flocks, all associated with clinical diseases.
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