Involvement of the Interferon Signaling Pathways in Pancreatic Cancer Cells

Background/Aim: To examine interferon (IFN) signaling pathways in human pancreatic cancer cells and their therapeutic application for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Materials and Methods: We examined the effects of IFN alpha on cytotoxicity, migration, as well as on the levels of tolllike receptor (TLR) signaling pathway-associated genes expression in pancreatic cancer cells. We also examined the additive effects of IFN alpha and poly(I-C) on tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI)-induced cytotoxicity. We performed transcriptome analysis (RNA-Seq) of clinical samples and compared the profile between pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasias (PanINs) and PDACs. Results: IFN alpha suppressed cell viability and cell migration, and affected TLR signaling pathways, in pancreatic cancer cells. TLR3 is one of the potential genes involved in IFN-treated pancreatic cancer cells. Furthermore, similar to IFN, extracellular addition of poly(I-C) enhanced TKI-induced cytotoxicity in pancreatic cancer cells. RNA-Seq analysis demonstrated that IFN signaling is one of the potential pathways involved in the progression of PanIN to PDAC. Conclusion: IFN signaling may be involved in the development of PDAC. Treatments that target the IFN and TLR3 signaling pathways may be therapeutic options against PDAC.