Journal
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
Volume 60, Issue 1, Pages 290-296Publisher
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/anie.202008178
Keywords
electrochemistry; electron transfer; hydrogen bonding; reduction; supported catalysts
Categories
Funding
- U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences (Transdisciplinary Approaches to Realize Novel Catalytic Pathways to Energy Carriers) [FWP 47319]
- Projekt DEAL
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The hydrogenation of benzaldehyde to benzyl alcohol is significantly promoted by the presence of polar co-adsorbates like substituted phenols, facilitated by external potential. These co-adsorbates enhance the hydrogenation rate by polarizing the carbonyl group and increasing the likelihood of forming a transition state for H addition, leading to a faster hydrogenation route involving phenol as a conduit for proton addition.
The hydrogenation of benzaldehyde to benzyl alcohol on carbon-supported metals in water, enabled by an external potential, is markedly promoted by polarization of the functional groups. The presence of polar co-adsorbates, such as substituted phenols, enhances the hydrogenation rate of the aldehyde by two effects, that is, polarizing the carbonyl group and increasing the probability of forming a transition state for H addition. These two effects enable a hydrogenation route, in which phenol acts as a conduit for proton addition, with a higher rate than the direct proton transfer from hydronium ions. The fast hydrogenation enabled by the presence of phenol and applied potential overcompensates for the decrease in coverage of benzaldehyde caused by competitive adsorption. A higher acid strength of the co-adsorbate increases the intensity of interactions and the rates of selective carbonyl reduction.
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