Chemical Composition, Anticancer, Anti-neuroinflammatory, and Antioxidant Activities of the Essential Oil of Patrinia scabiosaefolia

To study the chemical composition, anticancer, anti-neuroinflflammatory, and antioxidant activities of the essential oil of Patrinia scabiosaefolia (EO-PS). Patrinia scabiosaefolia was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Eight human carcinoma cell lines, including SGC-7901, AGS, HepG2, HT-29, HCT-8, 5-FU/HCT-8, HeLa, and MDA-MB-231, were assessed by methylthiazolyldiphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Anti-neuroinflflammatory activity was assessed by production of interleukin (IL)-1 beta and IL-6 induced by lipopolysaccharide in BV-2 cells (microglia from mice). The antioxidant activity was evaluated with a 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging assay. Forty-four components, representing 83.919% of the total oil, were identifified in the EO-PS. The major constituents were caryophyllene oxide (12.802%), caryophyllene (6.909%), alpha-caryophyllene (2.927%), beta-damascenone (3.435%), calarene (5.621%), and phenol (3.044%). The MTT assay showed that the EO-PS exhibited significant dose-dependent growth inhibition in the 50-200 mu g/mL dilution range. The EO-PS exhibited a dose-dependent scavenging activity against the DPPH radical, with an half of maximal inhibitory concentration 1.455 mg/mL. The EO-PS possesses a wide range of antitumor, anti-neuroinflflammatory and antioxidant activities, suggesting that it may be a good candidate for further investigations of new bioactive substances.