Advanced Theragenerative Biomaterials with Therapeutic and Regeneration Multifunctionality

All tissues and organs can be affected by diseases, and treatments for these diseases can cause damage to surrounding healthy tissues and organs. Therefore, treatment is required that involves disease therapy alongside tissue/organ regeneration. The design, construction, and biomedical applications of biomaterial platforms with both disease-therapeutic and tissue-regeneration multifunctionalities are in demand, which are herein referred to as theragenerative (abbreviation of therapy and regeneration) biomaterials. Due to the rapid development of theragenerative biomaterials in versatile biomedical applications, this progress report aims to summarize, discuss, and highlight the rational construction of distinctive theragenerative biomaterials with intrinsic therapeutic performance and tissue-regeneration bioactivity. Based on the intrinsic response to either external physical triggers (e.g., photonic response or magnetic-field response) or endogenous disease microenvironments (e.g., mild acidity or overexpressed hydrogen peroxide) and tissue-regeneration bioactivity, these theragenerative biomaterials are extensively explored in various biomedical fields, including bone-tumor therapy/regeneration, bone antibacterial therapy/regeneration, skin-tumor therapy/regeneration, skin antibacterial therapy/regeneration, breast-tumor therapy/adipose-tissue regeneration, and osteoarticular-tuberculosis therapy/bone-tissue regeneration. The challenges faced and future developments of these distinctive theragenerative biomaterials are discussed, as are methods for further promoting their clinical translation.