Journal
ACS NANO
Volume 14, Issue 7, Pages 8287-8298Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c01870
Keywords
polymersomes; intracellular pathogens; tuberculosis; zebrafish; drug delivery
Categories
Funding
- EPSRC [EP/G062137/1]
- Royal Society Newton International Fellowship
- Marie Sklodowska-Curie Individual Fellowship PHAN-TOM [795224]
- MRC
- Sir Henry Dale Fellowship - Wellcome Trust [105570/Z/14/Z]
- Sir Henry Dale Fellowship - Royal Society [105570/Z/14/Z]
- MRC [MR/N02995X/1] Funding Source: UKRI
- Marie Curie Actions (MSCA) [795224] Funding Source: Marie Curie Actions (MSCA)
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Mononuclear phagocytes such as monocytes, tissue-specific macrophages, and dendritic cells are primary actors in both innate and adaptive immunity. These professional phagocytes can be parasitized by intracellular bacteria, turning them from housekeepers to hiding places and favoring chronic and/or disseminated infection. One of the most infamous is the bacteria that cause tuberculosis (TB), which is the most pandemic and one of the deadliest diseases, with one-third of the world's population infected and an average of 1.8 million deaths/year worldwide. Here we demonstrate the effective targeting and intracellular delivery of antibiotics to infected macrophages both in vitro and in vivo, using pH-sensitive nanoscopic polymersomes made of PMPC-PDPA block copolymer. Polymersomes showed the ability to significantly enhance the efficacy of the antibiotics killing Mycobacterium bovis, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and another established intracellular pathogen, Staphylococcus aureus. Moreover, they demonstrated to easily access TB-like granuloma tissues-one of the harshest environments to penetrate-in zebrafish models. We thus successfully exploited this targeting for the effective eradication of several intracellular bacteria, including M. tuberculosis, the etiological agent of human TB.
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