Journal
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
Volume 12, Issue 29, Pages 32726-32735Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c07875
Keywords
lithium-sulfur batteries; electrochemical catalyst; cobalt sulfides; high-loading electrode; X-ray adsorption near-edge structure
Funding
- National Key R&D Program of China [2018YFC0807600]
- Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [WK2320000044]
- Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS [CX2320007001]
- USTC Research Funds of the Double First-Class Initiative [YD2320002002]
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Lithium-sulfur batteries have been considered as one of the most promising energy storage devices due to their high theoretical capacity and low cost. They go through complicated multistep electrochemical reactions from solid (sulfur)-liquid (soluble polysulfide) to liquid (soluble polysulfide)-solid (Li2S) during the discharge process. Actually, during this process, the transition from liquid phase (Li2S4) to solid phase (Li2S) at 2.1 V plateau is a difficult step with sluggish kinetics, thus leading to low sulfur utilization and discharge capacity. To promote the transition processes and enhance the sulfur utilization, CoS2@multichannel carbon nanofiber composites (CoS(2)gMCNFs) serving as sulfur host were successfully synthesized. Herein, CoS2 catalysts are proven to be beneficial not only for enhancing the phase-transition kinetics but also for adsorbing soluble polysulfide. Besides, unlike other carbon materials, MCNFs have plenty of hollow channels and thus enhance sulfur loading and conductivity. Accordingly, the discharge capacity increases 32% more than that of electrode without CoS2. And a very low capacity fade rate of 0.03% per cycle (over 450 cycles) is obtained at a 0.5C rate. This work has opened up new ideas for enhancing sulfur utilization for high sulfur-loading electrode.
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