Journal
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
Volume 12, Issue 30, Pages 33870-33878Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c10830
Keywords
confined space sublimation; CH3NH3I vapor; large grain; controllable band gap; large area
Funding
- National Key Research and Development Program of China [2017YFB0307001]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [91648109, 51572037]
- Key Research and Development Project of Jiangsu Province [BE2017006-3]
- Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions
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Large-area devices with high power-conversion efficiency (PCE) are required for the further development of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, the major obstacle restricting the commercialization of large-area PSCs is the lack of reliable deposition technology for scalable perovskite thin films. Herein, a confined space sublimation method compatible with the preparation of a large-area perovskite film is introduced. First, pure PbX2 (X is I, Br, and Cl) films are exposed to CH3NH3I vapor, and the gas-solid reaction mechanisms for different lead halide layers are investigated; the perovskite films fabricated by retarded displacement between multiple halogens show large grains and a controllable band gap. Then, through mixed halogen adjustments of the PbX2 film, a maximum PCE of 20.44% (0.07 cm(2)) for high-efficiency PSCs with large grains (over 2.0 mu m) is obtained, while the fabrication of wide-band gap PSCs with a champion PCE of 17.99% (0.07 cm(2)) verified the band gap-controlled compatibility of the confined space sublimation approach. Furthermore, the confined space sublimation approach is applied to fabricate large-area (6.75 cm(2)) devices with uniform photovoltaic performance, demonstrating the scalable potential of this approach.
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