Journal
PATHOGENS
Volume 9, Issue 4, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/pathogens9040267
Keywords
HPV; papillomavirus; retromer; cell-penetrating peptide; retrograde trafficking; virus entry; cervical cancer; endosome; gamma-secretase
Categories
Funding
- National Science Foundation [DGE-1752134]
- NIH [P01 CA016038, R01 AI102876, T32 AI055403]
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Human papillomaviruses are important pathogens responsible for approximately 5% of cancer as well as other important human diseases, but many aspects of the papillomavirus life cycle are poorly understood. To undergo genome replication, HPV DNA must traffic from the cell surface to the nucleus. Recent findings have revolutionized our understanding of HPV entry, showing that it requires numerous cellular proteins and proceeds via a series of intracellular membrane-bound vesicles that comprise the retrograde transport pathway. This paper reviews the evidence supporting this unique entry mechanism with a focus on the crucial step by which the incoming virus particle is transferred from the endosome into the retrograde pathway. This new understanding provides novel insights into basic cellular biology and suggests novel rational approaches to inhibit HPV infection.
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