Journal
MICROORGANISMS
Volume 8, Issue 4, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8040530
Keywords
microbiota-brain axis; appetite; food intake; feeding behavior; Enterobacteriaceae; autoantibodies; sex differences; anorexia nervosa; bulimia; animal models; activity-based anorexia
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Funding
- Rouen University
- Rouen University Hospital
- Transversal Microbiota Program, Inserm, France
- EU ERAnet program on mental disorders (2019-2021)
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Altered signaling between gut bacteria and their host has recently been implicated in the pathophysiology of eating disorders, whereas the enterobacterial caseinolytic protease B (ClpB) may play a key role as an antigen mimetic of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone, an anorexigenic neuropeptide. Here, we studied whether ClpB production by gut bacteria can be modified by chronic food restriction and female sex, two major risk factors for the development of eating disorders. We found that food restriction increased ClpB DNA in feces and ClpB protein in plasma in both male and female rats, whereas females displayed elevated basal ClpB protein levels in the lower gut and plasma as well as increased ClpB-reactive immunoglobulins (Ig)M and IgG. In contrast, direct application of estradiol in E. coli cultures decreased ClpB concentrations in bacteria, while testosterone had no effect. Thus, these data support a mechanistic link between host-dependent risk factors of eating disorders and the enterobacterial ClpB protein production.
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