Journal
BIOMOLECULES
Volume 10, Issue 4, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/biom10040500
Keywords
nuclear estrogen receptors; membrane estrogen receptors; ubiquitin proteasome system; immune proteasomes; cancer
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Funding
- Government program of basic research at Cancer Research Institute
- Tomsk National Research Medical Center
- Russian Academy of Sciences in 2020
- Government program of basic research at Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences in 2020
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This review provides information on the structure of estrogen receptors (ERs), their localization and functions in mammalian cells. Additionally, the structure of proteasomes and mechanisms of protein ubiquitination and cleavage are described. According to the modern concept, the ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) is involved in the regulation of the activity of ERs in several ways. First, UPS performs the ubiquitination of ERs with a change in their functional activity. Second, UPS degrades ERs and their transcriptional regulators. Third, UPS affects the expression of ER genes. In addition, the opportunity of the regulation of proteasome functioning by ERs-in particular, the expression of immune proteasomes-is discussed. Understanding the complex mechanisms underlying the regulation of ERs and proteasomes has great prospects for the development of new therapeutic agents that can make a significant contribution to the treatment of diseases associated with the impaired function of these biomolecules.
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