Journal
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
Volume 11, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00751
Keywords
MR1; MR1T; self-antigens; tumor recognition; T-cell therapy
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Funding
- Swiss National Foundation [310030-173240]
- Swiss Cancer League [KFS-4707-02-2019]
- Cancer League beider Basel [KLbB-4779-02-2019]
- D-BSSE ETH Zurich [PMB-02-17]
- University of Basel
- Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF) [310030_173240] Funding Source: Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF)
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Non-polymorphic MHC class I-related molecule MR1 presents antigenic bacterial metabolites to mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells and self-antigens to MR1-restricted T (MR1T) cells. Both MR1-restricted T cell populations are readily identified in healthy individuals, with MAIT cells accounting for 1-10% of circulating T cells, while MR1T cells have frequencies comparable to peptide-specific T cells (<0.1%). Self-reactive MR1T cells display a heterogeneous phenotype, and are capable of releasing both T-H1 and T-H2 cytokines, supporting not only activation of inflammation but also contributing to its regulation. Importantly, MR1T cells recognize and kill a diverse range of MR1-expressing tumor cells. On the other hand, evidence suggests MAIT cells augment cancer growth and metastases. This review addresses the potential role of MR1-restricted T cells in controlling tumor cells, facilitating their elimination and regulating cancer immunity. We also discuss therapeutic opportunities surrounding MR1-restricted T cells in cancer.
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