Journal
PHYSICAL REVIEW APPLIED
Volume 13, Issue 5, Pages -Publisher
AMER PHYSICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevApplied.13.054006
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Funding
- European Research Council under the European Unions Seventh Frame-work Programme (FP7/2007-2013)/ERC [615187-COMANCHE]
- European Unions Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme [777222 ATTRACT]
- Horizon research and innovation programme [800923]
- Tuscany Region under the FARFAS 2014 project SCIADRO
- Quant-EraNet project SuperTop
- Tuscany Government, POR FSE 2014-2020 [INFN-RT2 172800]
- Royal Society [IES R3 170054]
- European Union [696656-Graphene-Core1, 75219 Graphene-Core2]
- University of Pisa [PRA_2018_34]
- project QUANTRA - Italian Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation
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Electronic cooling in hybrid normal-metal-insulator-superconductor junctions is a promising technology for the manipulation of thermal loads in solid-state nanosystems. One of the main bottlenecks for efficient electronic cooling is the electron-phonon coupling, as it represents a thermal leakage channel to the phonon bath. Graphene is a two-dimensional material that exhibits a weaker electron-phonon coupling compared to standard metals. For this reason, we study the electron cooling in graphene-based systems consisting of a graphene sheet contacted by two insulator-superconductor junctions. We show that, by properly biasing the graphene, its electronic temperature can reach base values lower than those achieved in similar systems based on metallic ultrathin films. Moreover, the lower electron-phonon coupling is mirrored in a lower heat power pumped into the superconducting leads, thus avoiding their overheating and preserving the cooling mechanisms. Finally, we analyze the possible application of cooled graphene as a bolometric radiation sensor. We study its main figures of merit, i.e., responsivity, noise equivalent power, and response time. In particular, we show that the built-in electron refrigeration allows reaching a responsivity of the order of 50 nA/pW and a noise equivalent power of order of 10(-18) W Hz(-1/2) while the response speed is about 10 ns corresponding to a thermal bandwidth in the order of 20 MHz.
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