Journal
NANOMATERIALS
Volume 10, Issue 5, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/nano10050963
Keywords
pH-sensitive mesophase lipid structures; cubosomes with pH-responsive polymer shells; self-assembled lyotropic liquid crystalline nanoparticles; nonlamellar lipids; phase transitions; drug delivery vehicles; oral bioavailability
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Funding
- Sao Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP) [18/21727-0, 16/13368-4]
- FAPESP [19/13147-6]
- Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP) [19/13147-6, 18/21727-0, 16/13368-4] Funding Source: FAPESP
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Nanostructure bicontinuous cubic phase self-assembled materials are receiving expanding applications as biocompatible delivery systems in various therapeutic fields. The functionalization of cubosome, spongosome, hexosome and liposome nanocarriers by pH-sensitive lipids and/or pH-sensitive polymer shells offers new opportunities for oral and topical drug delivery towards a new generation of cancer therapies. The electrochemical behavior of drug compounds may favor pH-triggered drug release as well. Here, we highlight recent investigations, which explore the phase behavior of mixed nonlamellar lipid/fatty acid or phospholipid systems for the design of pH-responsive and mucoadhesive drug delivery systems with sustained-release properties. X-ray diffraction and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) techniques are widely used in the development of innovative delivery assemblies through detailed structural analyses of multiple amphiphilic compositions from the lipid/co-lipid/water phase diagrams. pH-responsive nanoscale materials and nanoparticles are required for challenging therapeutic applications such as oral delivery of therapeutic proteins and peptides as well as of poorly water-soluble substances. Perspective nanomedicine developments with smart cubosome nanocarriers may exploit compositions elaborated to overcome the intestinal obstacles, dual-drug loaded pH-sensitive liquid crystalline architectures aiming at enhanced therapeutic efficacy, as well as composite (lipid/polyelectrolyte) types of mucoadhesive controlled release colloidal cubosomal formulations for the improvement of the drugs' bioavailability.
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