Journal
NANOMATERIALS
Volume 10, Issue 6, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/nano10061081
Keywords
photoelectrochemical cell; heavy metal-free photocatalyst; ZnSe nanorods; atomic sulfur passivation; ZnS monolayer
Categories
Funding
- National Science Foundation of China [51902019, 51961135107, 51774034]
- Research Grants Council of Hong Kong SAR [CityU11305618, 11306219]
- Beijing Natural Science Foundation [2182039]
- National Key Research and Development Program of China [2017YFE0119700]
- Center for Functional Photonics of City University of Hong Kong
- Hong Kong Scholars Program
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We introduced atomic sulfur passivation to tune the surface sites of heavy metal-free ZnSe nanorods, with a Zn2+-rich termination surface, which are initially capped with organic ligands and under-coordinated with Se. The S(2-)ions from a sodium sulfide solution were used to partially substitute a 3-mercaptopropionic acid ligand, and to combine with under-coordinated Zn termination atoms to form a ZnS monolayer on the ZnSe surface. This treatment removed the surface traps from the ZnSe nanorods, and passivated defects formed during the previous ligand exchange process, without sacrificing the efficient hole transfer. As a result, without using any co-catalysts, the atomic sulfur passivation increased the photocurrent density of TiO2/ZnSe photoanodes from 273 to 325 mu A/cm(2). Notably, without using any sacrificial agents, the photocurrent density for sulfur-passivated TiO2/ZnSe nanorod-based photoanodes remained at almost 100% of its initial value after 300 s of continuous operation, while for the post-deposited ZnS passivation layer, or those based on ZnSe/ZnS core-shell nanorods, it declined by 28% and 25%, respectively. This work highlights the advantages of the proper passivation of II-VI semiconductor nanocrystals as an efficient approach to tackle the efficient charge transfer and stability of photoelectrochemical cells based thereon.
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