Journal
CHEMPHYSCHEM
Volume 17, Issue 15, Pages 2286-2294Publisher
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201600270
Keywords
bioluminescence; cancer; chemiluminescence; photodynamic therapy; reactive oxygen species
Funding
- national funds by FCT/MEC (PIDDAC) [PTDC/QEQ-QFI/0289/2014]
- Fundo Europeu de Desenvolvimento Regional (FEDER), through COMPETE-Programa Operacional Fatores de Competitividade (POFC)
- Fundo Europeu de Desenvolvimento Regional (FEDER), through Programa Operacional do Norte (NORTE2020) [NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000028]
- Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia [PTDC/QEQ-QFI/0289/2014] Funding Source: FCT
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Photodynamic therapy (PDT) of cancer is known for its limited number of side effects, and requires light, oxygen and photosensitizer. However, PDT is limited by poor penetration of light into deeply localized tissues, and the use of external light sources is required. Thus, researchers have been studying ways to improve the effectiveness of this phototherapy and expand it for the treatment of the deepest cancers, by using chemiluminescent or bioluminescent formulations to excite the photosensitizer by intracellular generation of light. The aim of this Minireview is to give a precis of the most important general chemi-/bioluminescence mechanisms and to analyze several studies that apply them for PDT. These studies have demonstrated the potential of utilizing chemi-/bioluminescence as excitation source in the PDT of cancer, besides combining new approaches to overcome the limitations of this mode of treatment.
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