Journal
ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING
Volume 8, Issue 22, Pages 8086-8101Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.0c01348
Keywords
lignin fractionation; lignin chemistry; acidic lignin fractionation; lignin solvent fractionation; ultrafiltration; membrane fractionation
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Funding
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory
- U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-AC05-00OR22725]
- Center for Bioenergy Innovation (CBI), a U.S. DOE Bioenergy Research Center
- Office of Biological and Environmental Research in the DOE Office of Science
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Technical lignin extracted from pulping and biorefining processes provides a class of complex and polydisperse phenolic polymers. Preparation of lignin with lower structural complexity and polydispersity through lignin fractionation is one of the primary solutions to engineer lignin into a value-added material. Sequential lignin fraction by pH controlled precipitation from 12 to 1 is one of the primary developed methods. Partial solubility of lignin in organic solvents is another promising method for lignin fractionation. Organic solvents with different polarity and solubility factors are able to fractionate lignin, yielding a more homogeneous chemical structure. As a modification of the lignin fractionation process using solvents, water/organic solvents mixture, such as propan-2-one, alcohols, and acetic acid, from room to high temperature has been proposed as a greener method for lignin fractionation. Using membrane technology is another promising method and current results indicate a good potential for lignin recovery and fractionation.
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