Journal
ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS
Volume 10, Issue 18, Pages -Publisher
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/aenm.201904234
Keywords
2D electron transport; multilength-scaled morphology; nonfullerene acceptors; organic solar cells; power conversion efficiency
Categories
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [51973110, 21734009, 21822505, 21905102]
- China Postdoctoral Science Foundation [2019M662892]
- Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai [19ZR1401400]
- DOE, Office of Science
- Office of Basic Energy Sciences
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Single-layered organic solar cells (OSCs) using nonfullerene acceptors have reached 16% efficiency. Such a breakthrough has inspired new sparks for the development of the next generation of OSC materials. In addition to the optimization of electronic structure, it is important to investigate the essential solid-state structure that guides the high efficiency of bulk heterojunction blends, which provides insight in understanding how to pair an efficient donor-acceptor mixture and refine film morphology. In this study, a thorough analysis is executed to reveal morphology details, and the results demonstrate that Y6 can form a unique 2D packing with a polymer-like conjugated backbone oriented normal to the substrate, controlled by the processing solvent and thermal annealing conditions. Such morphology provides improved carrier transport and ultrafast hole and electron transfer, leading to improved device performance, and the best optimized device shows a power conversion efficiency of 16.88% (16.4% certified). This work reveals the importance of film morphology and the mechanism by which it affects device performance. A full set of analytical methods and processing conditions are executed to achieve high efficiency solar cells from materials design to device optimization, which will be useful in future OSC technology development.
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