Journal
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
Volume 11, Issue 1, Pages -Publisher
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-16189-6
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Funding
- John Templeton Foundation via the grant Q-CAUSAL [61084]
- MIUR (Ministero del-l'Istruzione, dell'Universita e della Ricerca), via project PRIN 2017 Taming complexity via QUantum Strategies a Hybrid Integrated Photonic approach (QUSHIP) [2017SRNBRK]
- Sapienza Progetto di Ateneo H2020-ERC QUMAC (MAChine learning via hybrid integrated QUANTUM photonics)
- Regione Lazio program Progetti di Gruppi di ricerca legge Regionale via LazioInnova spa [13/2008, 85-2017-15200]
- QuantERA ERA-NET Cofund in Quantum Technologies 2017 project HiPhoP (High dimensional quantum Photonic Platform) [731473]
- CNPq [307172/2017-1, 406574/2018-9]
- Serrapilheira Institute [Serra-1708-15763]
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The launch of a satellite capable of distributing entanglement through long distances and the first loophole-free violation of Bell inequalities are milestones indicating a clear path for the establishment of quantum networks. However, nonlocality in networks with independent entanglement sources has only been experimentally verified in simple tripartite networks, via the violation of bilocality inequalities. Here, by using a scalable photonic platform, we implement star-shaped quantum networks consisting of up to five distant nodes and four independent entanglement sources. We exploit this platform to violate the chained n-locality inequality and thus witness, in a device-independent way, the emergence of nonlocal correlations among the nodes of the implemented networks. These results open new perspectives for quantum information processing applications in the relevant regime where the observed correlations are compatible with standard local hidden variable models but are non-classical if the independence of the sources is taken into account. New types of nonlocal correlations can arise in quantum networks, but experiments have not been done for more than two independent sources. Here, the authors violate a chained n-locality inequality in a network with five nodes and four independent sources, relying only on single-qubit measurements.
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